Voted The Best Seaside Town in Scotland: North Berwick

North Berwick: A Great Place To Visit

North Berwick is one of the places that you should have on your bucket list to visit if you are travelling to see Scotland. It is easy to get too, nicely placed just down from Edinburgh and has a lot to offer as a seaside town. Situated along the southern shore of the Firth of Forth, this picturesque seaside resort has been captivating visitors for centuries.

With a population of around 7,000, North Berwick offers a perfect blend of small-town warmth and exciting attractions. The town is famous for its beautiful beaches, world-class golf courses, and stunning views of the Bass Rock – a small island that’s home to the world’s largest colony of Northern gannets.

North Berwick’s appeal lies in its ability to cater to various interests. History buffs can explore ancient castles and learn about the town’s intriguing past, while nature lovers can enjoy bird watching and scenic coastal walks. For those seeking relaxation, the town’s golden beaches and quaint cafes provide the perfect setting.

The town’s Victorian architecture, combined with its modern amenities, creates a unique atmosphere that bridges the past and present. Whether you’re interested in outdoor activities, cultural experiences, or simply soaking in the Scottish seaside charm, North Berwick has something for everyone.

As we delve deeper into North Berwick’s rich history, diverse attractions, and vibrant community life, you’ll discover why this coastal gem continues to be a beloved destination for both locals and tourists alike.

Early History and Archaeology

History

Early History and Archaeology

The area was first settled in the 7th century by people known as the Votadini. They were drawn to the region’s fertile land and strategic coastal location. Over time, North Berwick grew from a small farming community into a significant port town.
The name North Berwick means “North barley farmstead,” derived from Old English (bere for barley and wic for farmstead). The prefix “North” distinguishes it from Berwick-upon-Tweed, known as South Berwick in the Middle Ages.
Archaeological evidence shows habitation dating back 2,000 years, including Iron Age cist burials and hut circles on North Berwick Law.

Medieval Period

North Berwick Harbour was built in the 12th century to support a ferry crossing to Earlsferry, serving pilgrims traveling to St Andrews.
Around 1150, Duncan, Earl of Fife, founded a Cistercian nunnery, which remained influential until the Scottish Reformation.
In 1373, North Berwick was officially recognized as a royal burgh by King Robert II of Scotland. This status granted the town certain trading privileges and helped it flourish. During this time, the famous Auld Kirk (Old Church) was built, parts of which still stand today.
The town became a baronial burgh under William Douglas in the 14th century and later a royal burgh in the 15th century under James I of Scotland.

Post-Medieval to Modern Era

The town was involved in the North Berwick Witch Trials (1590–92), with the “Auld Kirk Green” at the harbour allegedly used for gatherings by the accused. One of the darker chapters in North Berwick’s history occurred in the late 16th century. These trials, instigated by King James VI (later James I of England), led to the persecution and execution of many innocent people accused of witchcraft.

The 19th century brought significant changes to North Berwick. The arrival of the railway in 1850 transformed the town into a popular Victorian seaside resort. Wealthy families from Edinburgh flocked to North Berwick for its fresh air, beautiful beaches, and new leisure activities like go

The town saw rapid development during this period. Grand hotels, elegant villas, and the West Bay promenade were built to accommodate the influx of visitors.

20th Century and Beyond

Through the 20th century, North Berwick continued to evolve. While it maintained its charm as a seaside resort, it also developed a strong local community. The town weathered the challenges of two World Wars and adapted to changing economic times.

Today, North Berwick successfully balances its rich history with modern developments. It remains a popular tourist destination, known for its golf courses, beaches, and wildlife. The town has also become a desirable place to live, attracting commuters who work in Edinburgh but prefer a coastal lifestyle.

From ancient settlements to witch trials, from Victorian grandeur to modern-day attractions, North Berwick’s history is a fascinating journey through time, shaping the unique character of the town we see today.

North Berwick Law

This distinctive hill, standing at 613 feet (187 meters) tall, is impossible to miss. It’s an ancient volcanic plug that offers panoramic views of the town, countryside, and Firth of Forth. A short but steep hike to the top rewards visitors with breathtaking scenery and a chance to see the whale jawbone arch at its summit.

Bass Rock

Bass Rock is a small, uninhabited island in the Firth of Forth, about 2 km off the coast of North Berwick. Its history is rich and varied:

The rock is the remnant of an ancient volcano, formed around 320 million years ago.
Early Christian hermits, including Saint Baldred in the 6th century, are believed to have lived on the rock.

Medieval Period

A chapel dedicated to Saint Baldred was built on the rock in the 12th century.

The island became a fortress, with a castle built in the 15th century by the Lauder family.

16th-17th Centuries

The castle was used as a prison for religious and political prisoners.
It was the last Scottish castle to surrender to Oliver Cromwell’s forces in 1651.

18th-19th Centuries

The island was used by smugglers and pirates.
In 1706, it was purchased by Sir Hew Dalrymple, whose family still owns it today.
A lighthouse was built on the rock in 1902, automated in 1988.

Natural History

Bass Rock has been home to a significant seabird colony for centuries.
It’s now the world’s largest northern gannet colony, with over 150,000 birds.

Modern Era:

The rock is now a nature reserve.
It’s monitored by the Scottish Seabird Centre in North Berwick.
The island has become a major tourist attraction, with boat trips offering close-up views.

Tantallon Castle

Tantallon castle is a nearby 14th-century fortress built by William Douglas. This formidable fortress sits atop cliffs overlooking the sea. Its massive red sandstone walls and unique design make it one of Scotland’s most dramatic castle ruins. Visitors can explore the castle’s history and enjoy stunning coastal views.

North Berwick Golf Club

The North Berwick Golf Club, one of the oldest in the world, was established in 1832, further boosting the town’s popularity.

Founding and Early Years

The North Berwick Golf Club (NBGC) was founded on June 1, 1832, making it the 13th oldest golf club in the world. The club was established by 28 members, predominantly from the gentry and nobility of the surrounding area, with only one founding member, Captain Brown, residing in North Berwick itself.

The initial course consisted of six holes ending at March Dyke and was later expanded to seven holes in 1849, with notable golfers like Old Tom Morris and Allan Robertson playing there.

Course Development

The course underwent significant changes over the years:

1868: Additional land allowed for the expansion to nine holes, including the creation of the famous Redan hole.
1877: Further land acquisition extended the course to 18 holes, although initial criticism arose due to the short length of some holes.
1895: Ben Sayers extended the course to over 6,000 yards, establishing the layout that largely remains today, including the creation of the 14th hole, known as Perfection.

Clubhouse and Administration

1880: The New Clubhouse was opened to accommodate the growing membership.
1894: The New Club took over the lease of the links, handling all administrative responsibilities.
1963: The original North Berwick Golf Club merged with the New Club, retaining the name North Berwick Golf Club.

Integration of Ladies’ Golf Club

1888: The North Berwick Ladies’ Golf Club was formed, initially playing on a nine-hole course adjacent to the present 16th fairway.
1935: The Ladies began playing over the West Links and shared clubhouse facilities as Associate Members.
2005: The Ladies’ club was formally integrated into the North Berwick Golf Club, granting full membership rights and representation on the Committee.

Course Layout and Features

The West Links course at North Berwick is a true links course on the edge of the Firth of Forth. It is known for its challenging layout and historical significance:

Redan Hole: The 15th hole, known as Redan, is one of the most replicated holes in golf course design worldwide.
Course Routing: The course features a unique layout with holes that both hug the coastline and venture inland, providing a diverse golfing experience.

Modern Developments

2008: The clubhouse underwent a major refurbishment, enhancing facilities for members and visitors alike.
Visitor Access: The course is open to visitors six days a week, excluding Saturdays.

North Berwick Golf Club remains a cornerstone of golfing history, blending rich heritage with modern amenities, making it a must-visit destination for golf enthusiasts.

Other Attractions

Cultural and Leisure Activities

The town’s beaches, East Bay and West Bay, are popular for their scenic beauty and recreational opportunities.
Various local shops, cafes, and restaurants provide a vibrant community atmosphere.